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The U.S. Government (USG) vision for global health security (GHS) is a world safe and secure from global health threats posed by infectious diseases where it is possible to prevent or mitigate the impact of naturally-occurring outbreaks and intentional or accidental releases of dangerous pathogens, rapidly detect and transparently report outbreaks when they occur, and employ an interconnected global network that can respond effectively to limit the spread of infectious disease outbreaks in humans and animals, mitigate human suffering and the loss of human life, and reduce economic impact. In partnership with public and private stakeholders, the USG seeks to accelerate progress toward a world safe and secure from infectious disease threats and to promote global health security as an international security priority. https://www.whitehouse.gov/blog/2014/12/04/why-global-health-security-emergency.

The International Health Regulations was implemented in 2005, and was entered into force on June 15, 2007 as stated in this section http://www.who.int/ihr/9789241596664/en/ established a legally binding global framework for preparing and responding to public health emergencies of international concern (PHEICs). To date, the world has made great progress in strengthening local, regional, and international capacity for addressing emerging infectious disease threats. Ongoing vulnerabilities include geographic areas with limited disease surveillance systems, institutional and logistic barriers to adequate delivery of services and interventions, reluctance to share outbreak information or biological samples, emergence of new pathogens and development of drug-resistance, limited border public health security measures, and intentional or accidental release of biological agents. These vulnerabilities illustrate the critical need to improve prevention, detection, and response efforts for infectious disease outbreaks, PHEICs, and other health threats.